Using variables from TOPAZ4, CS2SMOS, ERA5, sea ice age. References can be found in Edel et al. (2024). https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1896

This dataset is based on acoustic recordings from five moorings deployed during the UNDER-ICE experiment in the Fram Strait. The UI1 mooring carried 8 hydrophones: HM501 (467m), HM502 (476m), HM504 (494m), HM505 (503m), HM506 (512m), HM507 (521m), HM509 (530m), HM310 (539m). A total of 8188 recordings were obtained from each hydrophone every 3 hours from Sep 2014 - Jan 2016. The UI2 mooring carried 10 hydrophones: HM511 (336m), HM512 (327m), HM513 (318m), HM514 (309m), HM515 (300m), HM516 (291m), HM517 (282m), HM518 (273m), HM519 (264m), HM320 (255m). A total of 4358 recordings were obtained from each hydrophone every 3 hours from Sep 2014 - Jan 2016. The UI3 mooring carried 10 hydrophones: HM521 (317m), HM522 (308m), HM523 (299m), HM524 (290m), HM525 (281m), HM526 (272m), HM527 (263m), HM528 (254m), HM529 (245m), HM330 (236m). A total of 8188 recordings were obtained from each hydrophone every 3 hours from Sep 2014 - Jan 2016. The UI4 mooring carried 10 hydrophones: HM531 (313m), HM532 (304m), HM533 (295m), HM534 (286m), HM535 (277m), HM536 (268m), HM537 (259m), HM538 (250m), HM539 (241m), HM340 (232). A total of 8189 recordings were obtained from each hydrophone every 3 hours from Sep 2014 - Jan 2016. The UI5 mooring carried 9 hydrophones: HM542 (565m), HM543 (556m), HM544 (547m), HM545 (538m), HM546 (529m), HM547 (520m), HM548 (511m), HM549 (502m), HM550 (493m). A total of 4359 recordings were obtained from each hydrophone every 3 hours from Sep 2014 - Mar 2016. Each acoustic recording covered 130 s with sampling rate 1000Hz. 10-, 50- and 90- percentiles of sound pressure and power were calculated for each reception using 50 % overlapping Hanning window with a window length of 1024 samples. The units for sound pressure is Pa. The unit for power (ocean sound level) is dB re uPa2 Hz-1. Noise by cable strumming is included. The processing is described in Geyer et al. 2021 https://doi.org/10.1121/2.0001507.

Ambient sound was measured in Storfjorden, Svalbard at frequencies from 30 to 24000 Hz at depths from 4 to 20 meters. The measurements were carried out near land and melting ice bergs. The measurements were carried out using a drifting small boat, where the engine was turned off. Thereafter, a second small boat was used for transmitting pings at 11 kHz towards the first small boat at different depths and ranges. The experiment was carried out in June 2020 by Master students under supervision, as part of a research school in the Barents Sea with K/V Svalbard, organized under the UAK project lead by the Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Centre.

XBT data collected north of Svalbard, during the 2021 dry run with Le Commandant Charcot to the North Pole.

Ambient sound was measured in Storfjorden, Svalbard at frequencies from 30 to 24000 Hz at a depth of around 20 meters. The measurements were carried out in open sea at depths of about 100 metres or more. The measurements were carried out using a drifting small boat, where the engine was turned off. Thereafter, a second small boat was used for transmitting pings at 11 kHz towards the first small boat at different depths and ranges. The experiment was carried out in June 2020 by Master students under supervision, as part of a research school in the Barents Sea with K/V Svalbard, organized under the UAK project lead by the Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Centre.

Three GPS trackers were deployed on sea ice in the Fram Strait between 7th and 8th July 2016, collecting GPS data until 10th September 2016 with an interval between 5 and 30 min.

CTD data collected in Bjørnafjorden and Langenuen, Norway, during a cruise with KV Tor.

Ambient sound was measured in Storfjorden, Svalbard at frequencies from 30 to 24000 Hz at a depth of around 20 meters. The measurements were carried out in open sea at depths of about 100 metres or more. The measurements were carried out using a drifting small boat, where the engine was turned off. Thereafter, a second small boat was used for transmitting pings at 11 kHz towards the first small boat at different depths and ranges. The experiment was carried out in June 2020 by Master students under supervision, as part of a research school in the Barents Sea with K/V Svalbard, organized under the UAK project lead by the Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Centre.

Time averaged sound pressure obtained from the ACOBAR acoustic experiment in Fram Strait. The data were were obtained over 362 days every 3 hours from Aug 2010 - Jul 2011, and over 311 days every 3 hours from Sep 2011 - Jul 2012. 10-, 50- and 90- percentiles of the sound pressure and power for each frequency (0-500 Hz) were computed.